Concrete structure



R. S. ELLIS CONCRETE STRUCTURE Filed March 16, 1925' 2 Sheets-Sheet lFQE .EL l..

f wf@ FIG I/ /VVENTR RUSSELL 56017 fLL/s,

Dec. 6, 1927. 1,651,516

Y R. s. ELLIS CONCRETE STRUCTURE Filed March 16, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2iwi/EN T0R= n 1 RUSSELL Scarf E 1 /s,

Patented Dec.` 6, 1927.

y UNITED STATES .PATENT oi-Fics RUSSELL sco'rT "ELLIS, or RHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

Application filed March 16, 1925,. Serial No. 15,821.

My invention is particularly applica-ble` to the construction of seasideelevated boardwalks, streets, bridges, etc., and includes iinpiovedforms of vertical and horizontal i building units, and means forassembling them in cooperative connection, such that although theyfmaybe left permanently rigidly connected, the connecting means permit thehorizontal members to be removed from the vertical members and thelatter water jetted out of their. sand, or other, foundations, so thatthe entire structure may be shifted inland or seawaid in accordance withchanges in the coast line, withoutthe structure.v l

As hereinafter described; my invention includes meansfforeffectingwhat-may be termed inortise and tenon connections between verticalColumns or piles and horizontal stringers, cross girders etc., formed ofreinforced concrete, of such construction and arrangement that althoughthey may be left V'permanently rigidly connected, they may be separatedwithout loss ofr any of them, if and when it is kdesired to remove orreplace the structure of which they are components.

My invention includesthe various novel features of construction .andarrangement hereinafter more definitelyk specified,`

In said drawings; Fig.V I is a plan view of an assemblagefof unitconcrete elements,A

in accordance withmy invention, which may Vbe the substructure of aboardwalk or bridge.

Fig. II is a side relevation ofthe structure shown in Fig. I. f

Fig. III isa fragmentary transverse se`ctional view of said structure,taken on the line III, III in FigsgI and II'.

In said figures, the columns or lpiles f are formed of concretereinforced by a series.

of metal rods 2 which extend longitudinally f therein and project fromthe upperV end 5 loss of any of said concrete unit elements of.

Fig. IV is a fragmentary vertical sectional thereof, and preferablyhaving the vprojectings ends thereof bent toward each other vin conicalformed tenons, 'as indicated at 3,

and adapted to extend in a corresliondingly shaped mortise socket 5 in asuperimposed girder 6. Such columns l preferably have capitalbrackets 8adapted to extend beneath said girders 6. f y

SaidV gii'ders 6 are convenient-ly formed of rectangular cross section,as indicated in Fig. III, and reinforced by metal rods l() extendinglongitudinally therein. Said girders preferably'have laterallyextendingA enlargements 1I at'the regions of said sockets to afford atleast the same strength at th'ose regions as elsewhere throughout theirlength. Said girders 6 have, at predetermined intervals throughouttheirl length, recesses'lQ in their opposite vertical faces adapted toAreceive projections 14 of metallic saddles formed of complementarymembers 15 having hangers lr6 at their upper portions pro* vided withAhooked ends I7 and 18 adapted to interengage at the upper portion of thegirders, asindicated in Fig. III.` Said saddles have suspension bracket`flanges 19 preferably connected with the verticalI portions of saidsaddle members by integral webs 20 andafi'or ing supports forcrossgirders 2l rwhich, as indicated in Figs. II andIII, have l theiropposite ends fitted in the saddlebrackets to which they maybe rigidlyconnected by bolts 22 extending therethrough and provided with nuts 23.'Y

Of course, the bolted construction last abovedescribed is preferable totie thestructure together. However, said saddle brackets afford adequatesupport for the Vcross girders if VAthe latter are not subjected` toupward strains. However, such boardwalk and. bridge structuresV aresometimes `subjected to upward` strain by ,wave action which would tendto lift and floatoff thepc'ross girders if they were not tied down byYsuch bolts, oi' otherwise.

- yIt is to be understood that the-columns 1 may beset in the ground inproper position` by water jetting them. Thereupon, the girders G may beset upon the rows of columns in the desired position to form the longitudinal, Stringer, members of the board Ywalk or vbridge with thereinforcement tenons 3 incoaxial spaced relation with the sockets 5inthe girders. Thereupon, con-y crete aggregate is poured into saidmortise sockets and "rammed to interlock with said lll() -ttlreinforcements eo that the concrete thus molded in the sockets becomesan integral part of the column, because ot Snch interlocking with therein'toreenients, but does not nnite with the precast Snrlace of eitherthe Column 'l or the girder t; but' nterely 'forms a tenon Q4- on saideolmnn; accurately fittingr the mortise socket in which it has been thusmolded. The described method ot forming the tenons Q4- i; advantageousin that: it ie impossible to locate piles b v water jetiting with suchaccuracy ne to permit the titting ot precast tenone on the colnmne inlsubstantially tight relation with precast mortise sockets in thegirders, and the described method ot construction ot the tenons causesthe latter to lit the mortieeaacen rotelv regardless of the errors inthe location ot the columns, such errors being conmensated b v thuistermineT the tenons in slightlyy cccentric position with reference tothe coli nmns. However. l do not deeire to exclude from the scope ot mytiflainr=` a sitrnetm'e in which the tenons are torined imon thi` colnmns before the girders are set: thereoin ai; Snell construction andarrangement is of: course possible although cntailinfr much moredifficulty in assembling' the elemente of the structure than the methodabove described.

Said saddle members l5 are hooked to- `Lfether in pairs, above thegirders G, and swung down npon the latter into the position shown inFig. lll, in which they are ready to receive the cross girderfi Qi,which hold them in engagement with the gir-ders (i.

When it is desired to disaesemble the structure above described; theeroe@ 1girdrro 21 maybe nnbolted and removed trom the Saddles, theto1nplementar)7 parte ot the saddles swungr apart to releaee them itromthe gil-dere, and the latter uplitted from their seats npon the columnsl, leaving; the tenons 24 npon thecolmnne. Each ott the columna ma)vthen be Water 4ietted out ot' ita set ponition and reimived.l-l'oivover` when it is desired to reaenemble the salme elements; I lindit preferable to shatter the concrete tenons 24 from thc'reintorcement's 3 and to proceed as before to 'torni new tenons l-tthereon b v pouring concrete `in the mortiae socket# ot the superimposedgti-dern.

Although lY prefer to form the colummy l ot" circular cross :-=ectionand to form the grirderel l ot rectangular cross election: it ia obviousthat they may be otherwisev elmped.

npon a vertical Side thereot; o'l' a vertical l in'ecaat concrete memberhaving metallic re- .intiorrjine' members m concentric relation andextemiling longitudinally therein and prt4 jeeting from the top thereof;the projt-aftino; ends ot said rein'lorcemente being convergeilupwardly, forming a tenen arranged to ,tit within Said socket; andmenne? interlockingY mid horizontal and vertical membensl inclnd ine; aconcrete tenen n'lolded in Said mortiee Socket in intcrlocltiniirengagement with said metallic reintkn'cement tenen.

In a concrete structure, the combin:: tion with a l'necast `eirderelement lravingi a nlortise socket therein; oit a precant col` nmnarelement having;r a metallic tenen ele ment projecting therefrom; Saidtenon ele mentbeing adapted to lit in said socket, in spaced relationwith the sides of the latter; and means cooperatively coi'meetinn' saidrirder and column elements includingconcrete molded in said socket, inenfifremcnt,

with said tenen element, atter said elements are aneembled.

3. ln aY concrete structure, the combination with a precast oirderelenient; havinga mortire socket therein:` ot a precasit, columuarelement having' a tenon elementi nro-- jectinj*r theretroni; Saidtenonelement brineadapted to tit' in lQaid Hochet, in spaced relation withthe Side ot the latter; and menne cooperativel \Y connecting;r said`girder and column elements includingb concrete molded in said Socliet,in engagement; with said tenen element, atter :wald elen'ienta areaeffembled.

ln teiitimonv whcreot` l have heijcmito aie-ned my nameatfllhiladelpbia. lfonnavl- Vaniat this f-fixth day1 ot' March. kltjii.

